The monitoring performed in the Kostanjek Landslide Observatory carries out analysis and research, which are aimed at enhancement of the security of citizens at the landslide area, advancement of scientifi c investigation and advancement of higher education. Observatory for the Kostanjek landslide monitoring is equipped with approximately 40 sensors for automated monitoring of movement of the Kostanjek landslide, as well as for monitoring of landslide causes, rainfall and earthquake. Various types of sensor networks are installed at the area of the Kostanjek landslide in Podsused, whose approximate size is 1 km2, and they encompass the following: (1) sensors for displacement measurement (GNSS receivers, short- and long-span wire-extensometers, vertical extensometers, inclinometer); (2) sensors for hydro-meteorological and hydrogeological measurements (rain gauge, pore pressure gauges in boreholes, water level gauges in ells/boreholes); and (3) sensors for geophysical measurements (accelerometers). Most sensors communicate in near-real-ti me with automated data transfer to the data center located at the University of Zagreb’s Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering (UNIZG-RGNF), the Department of Geology and Geological Engineering. The photograph shows central monitoring station of the Kostanjek Landslide Observatory, one of 23 locations with installed sensors.
Head of the Lab: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Assoc. Prof., PhD.
Services:
Continuous monitoring of the Kostanjek landslide movement and its causes (precipitation and earthquakes) includes data processing and preliminary analysis of the monitoring data captured by 15 GNSS stations, 7 accelerometers (installed in boreholes at the depths of 1.5 m, 20 m and 90 m), 9 wire extensometers, 4 vertical wire extensometers installed in one borehole, 5 water level sensors and 4 pore pressure gauges installed in boreholes, ombrograph and meteorological station. Data processing of GNSS measurements (data coverage, data precision) is aimed at estimation of data representativeness. Data analysis of GNSS measurements (magnitude and direction of displacement, displacement velocity, movement patterns) are aimed at definition of landslide movement parameters. Processing and analysis of groundwater level data include determination of representative time series and groundwater level parameters. The Kostanjek landslide activities also include field survey and sensor maintenance at 23 locations with installed equipment.
Correlation of the results of the Kostanjek landslide movement, rainfall and groundwater level data encompasses establishment of the relation between landslide movement and landslide triggers, since January 2013. Monitoring reports encompass documentation related to observations of landslide movement, groundwater level, rainfall and acceleration, preparation of background information necessary for landslide movement prediction and definition of conditions necessary for the establishment of an early warning system at the Kostanjek landslide.
Demonstration of equipment for monitoring of landslides and landslide causes, monitoring data and analysis and modelling of monitoring data in the framework of undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate studies. Four student visits from the Institute for Geography and Regional Research of the University of Vienna in 2014, 2015 and 2017.
Continuous monitoring of superficial landslide movement at the 15 stabilized points. Continuous monitoring results will be applied for interpretation of landslide displacement, velocity and acceleration.
Seismic Source DAQ3-3 3CH high fidelity digital logger, 24bits ADC, 3 channel with GPS, connector cable, clock receiver and USB memory (10 pcs).
Continuous monitoring of acceleration in the underground or at the surface using 7 accelerometers installed in boreholes at different depths at the five locations at the area of the Kostanjek landslide. Results of continuous monitoring will be applied for interpretation of ground shaking caused by earthquake and/or landslide movement.
Sensorformeasuringthe water levelmeasuringhydrostaticpressuresensorto measureatmospheric pressurewith a base stationand Win-Situsoftware.
Continuous water level monitoring at two superficial streams at the area of the Kostanjek landslide and in its vicinity. Monitoring results will be applied for determination of discharge and for correlation with precipitation data.
WIREEXTENSOMETER
WireextensometerwithNetLG-501Edevicefordigitallyrecording and storingdata.
Continuous relative displacement monitoring at the area of the Kostanjek landslide using 13 wire extensometers: 8 long-spans; 1 short-span; 4 vertical extensometers in the borehole. Monitoring results will be applied for interpretation of landslide model and for development of early warning system.
SENSORS FOR MEASURINGHYDROSTATICPRESSURES
Sensorformeasuringthe water levelmeasuringhydrostaticpressures NetLG-001Edevicefordigitaldata recording.
Continuous water level monitoring at the area of the Kostanjek landslide on 3 locations in 3 wells. Monitoring results will be applied for interpretation of landslide model.
RS-1automaticrainfallrecorder(vesseltocapsize-tippingbucket)andNETLG-201Edevicefordigitallyrecording and storingmeasurement data.
Continuous rainfall monitoring at the Kostanjek landslide with the purpose of analysis and interpretation of rainfall influence to the landslide movement and development of early warning system.
Continuous pore pressure monitoring at the area of the Kostanjek landslide in one borehole at the following depths: 62,8 m; 50,1 m; i 37,45 m. Monitoring results will be applied for interpretation of landslide model.